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When a party relies on documentary evidence in proving its claim in Court, the court in deciding whether to admit the document in evidence will not consider how the document was obtained but will base its decision on the relevance of the document and whether it meets the conditions for admissibility under the law. Whether […]

In criminal matters, a verdict of “guilty” has dire consequences on the life or liberty of the person accused of the crime. For this reason, criminal matters require a higher standard of proof than civil matters. All the ingredients or components of a crime must be proved before a person accused of committing the offence […]

Disputes often arise in business transactions relating to sale of items. A recurring dispute is the buyer’s complaint that a product it has purchased is not fit for the purpose for which it was bought. This issue arose in APPEAL NO. CA/IB/247/15: BLACKSTONE CRUSHING COMPANY LTD V. SAMOBA NIGERIA LIMITED. In that case, Samoba Nigeria […]

Most professional associations in Nigeria have formal rules that provide for the investigation and discipline of members who breach the ethics of their profession. A form of administrative enquiry is usually conducted to verify such breach and appropriate sanctions are meted out. Where such professional misconduct also constitutes a crime and a criminal action is […]

The power of the court to preserve the assets of a defendant in a given case to be able to meet whatever judgment that may ultimately be given against him in the case is quite extensive. Whenever there is a real likelihood that a defendant will remove his assets from the country in which the […]

Nigeria continues to evolve as a country with growing dependence on the cyberspace and its daily utilization in various sectors of the economy particularly, the banking industry, which has witnessed evolution from analog to digital transactions, consummated without setting foot in a banking hall. Despite the ease and convenience of electronic banking, there is the […]

The Protection Against Domestic Violence Law of Lagos State 2007 (the Law) was enacted for the purpose of providing protection against domestic violence and providing redress for those who fall victim to domestic violence.Domestic violence is defined under the Law to include, among others, physical abuse, sexual exploitation, entry into the complainant’s residence without consent […]

The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) towards the end of last year, sent out letters to certain commercial banks appointing them as agents of tax collections for taxes considered as payable by tax defaulters. In doing this, the agents have been charged with the responsibility of freezing the accounts of taxable persons to prevent them […]

According to the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) the national metering gap as at 31st December 2017, stood at 4,740,275 units with the figures expected to rise. Consequent upon the continuing failure of electricity distribution companies (DisCos) to effectively discharge their duty of providing Meter Assets to their customers, the NERC issued the Meter Asset […]

In the last few months, the Federal Government of Nigeria has taken decisive steps for the purpose of easing doing business in Nigeria. One of such major steps was the overhaul of the procedural aspects of the incorporation of companies and registration of business names at the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) by introducing online procedures […]